The Moral Principles Of Ethics - 1352 Words

Ethics is one of the oldest and most influential human behavior. Ethics governs the self’s moral principle and values and even religious views. The source of moral and ethical views is a critical question in the study of Contemporary sociological theory. Philosophers has studied and attempted to answer how and where the self’s moral principle generated from. Ethics has been one of the strongest foundation of social structure. Many society developed and structured their moral principle based on reason, self-preservation and spirituality. Each one these sources contributed or dominated the moral values of society and therefore had different ideas on what was right and wrong. Many society used fear to instill goodness in the self and therefore the self may have acted in a manner of goodness out of fear. The self’s need to do good for the other can be influenced by various social factor and Levinas explores the origin of moral values from the level of an individual. Levinas believe that the moral is established at a personal level and not at social, religious or through a civilizing process. Civilizing is still alive and well in modern society. However, the modern society has become more compact, fast paced and many of the common obscene behavior just simply became more visible. The population alone has a significant impact on our everyday behavior. Our public places are more crowded, not just by people that are physically present but through technologies like cell phones,Show MoreRelatedEthics Is A Theory Of Moral Principles Essay1556 Words   |  7 PagesEthics can be a simple concept when first introduced, but as you go deeper into the understanding of what is ethics and how to be ethical it becomes more complex than one would assume by reading a single definition. In our modern world, there are plenty of people who manage to stay ethical, but as we go further into the future more and more individuals lose that glimmer of morality that was once upon them. The actual definition of ethics is a system of moral principles. Meaning that a characteristicRead MoreBusiness Ethics Are Moral Principles1683 Words   |  7 PagesBusiness ethics are moral principles that guide the way a business behaves. Business ethics is a form of applied ethics that examines ethical principles and moral ethical problems that arise in a business environment. Tesco PLC is a British multinational general merchandise and grocery retailer. Tesco is the third largest retailer in the world measured by profits. It has a chain of stores in 12 countries across Europe and Asia; grocery market leader in the UK. [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TescoRead MoreEthics Is A Moral Principle That Governs A Person1265 Words   |  6 PagesEthics is a moral principle that governs a person. As humans, we all share a common ethics that we use to guide us in our everyday life. However when it comes to Environmental ethics, we all have different point of views. Environmental ethics according to the Stanford encyclopedia of Philosophy is defined as â€Å"the discipline in philosophy that studies the moral relationship of human beings to, and also the value and moral status of, the environment and its non-human contents†. The reason why thereRead MoreEthics The Code Of Values And Moral Principles2156 Words   |  9 PagesWhat is ethics? Ethics a philoso phical term originating from Greek word â€Å"ethos† meaning custom or character. It is concerned with describing and prescribing moral requirements and behaviors, which suggests that there are acceptable and unacceptable ways of behaving that serve as a function of philosophical principles (Minkes, Small, Chatterjee, 1999). Ethical behavior is defined as behavior which is morally accepted as â€Å"good† and â€Å"right† as opposed to â€Å"bad† or â€Å"wrong† in a given situation (SimsRead MoreEthics Embody The Moral Principles Of What Is Right Or1893 Words   |  8 Pages Ethics embody the moral principles of what is right or wrong that govern the conduct of a person and the actions of an organization. I strongly believe that it is of paramount importance for a person or business organization to have a strong sense of ethics since every decision made can have positive or negative outcomes. In the beginning of my professional career, I would like to work in a multinational enterprise that has strong and definite business ethics because having high ethical standardsRead MoreEthics As Its Simplest Means The System Of Moral Principles Essay1894 Words   |  8 PagesEthics as its simplest means the system of moral principles. This affects how people make their decision and how they lead their lives. Ethics also deals with ideas about what are morally good and bad, right and wrong actions of human, virtuous and non-virtuous features of people in the world. (Dictionary.com). Experiencing childhood in a Muslim home, it was easy for my parents to enlighten me on the adverse ramifications of lying and deceiving people no matter the situation, stealing from otherRead MoreEthics : The Inner Guiding Moral Principles, Values, And Beliefs790 Words   |  4 PagesEthics are defined as â€Å"the inner guiding moral principles, values, and beliefs use to analyze or interpret a situation and then decide what is the right or appropriate way to behave† . In other words, ethics represent the way people should act. When a person behaves ethnically, they follow rules of conduct that respects the rights of a particular group or individual, distinguishing between right and wrong. In regards to business, ethics has a say in the decisions managers make since these decisionRead MoreEthics Is The Moral Principles That Govern A Person s Behavior Essay2034 Words   |  9 PagesIntroduction: Ethics is the moral principles that govern a person’s behavior. Ethics is used in our everyday lives, it helps us decide how to react to situations that present themselves, from personal to professional. Within a business there are ethics that dictate how a business is to be run, it is written in a document called a code of conduct. Companies incur problems writing an effective code of conduct and then implementing this document into their company’s everyday work. In a study doneRead MoreEthics Is A Moral Principle That Governs A Person s Or Group s Behavior1300 Words   |  6 PagesChristopher Pallotti February 23, 2016 Intelligence or Scourge Ethics is a moral principle that governs a person’s or group’s behavior. Some people are born with a high ability to lie, convince and manipulate other people’s opinions. Some people care only about their goals; without considering the results that it would cause on others. Being able to manipulate other people’s opinion after they have given you their trust is moral; however, it could also be dangerous if it is used by the wrong peopleRead MoreEthics Is A System Of Moral Principles And It Affects How People Make Decisions And Lead Their Life1852 Words   |  8 PagesEthics is a system of moral principles and it affects how people make decisions and lead their life (bbc.co.uk/ethics/introduction/intro_1.shtml) and there are different branches of ethics which are Meta-ethics the study of language; Normative ethics is the study of moral standard that we live our lives by and; Applied ethics is the application of ethical theories to access whether something is ethical. Restraint is a measure of protecting someone or something out of danger (oxforddictionaries.com/definition/English/restraint)

The Safety And Peace Promotion Research - 1293 Words

Sandy Lazarus, who is a part of the Safety and Peace Promotion Research Unit, Institution of social and health science for the University of South Africa and a faculty of education for the University of the Western Cape of South Africa, Larenza Williams, Grant Demas and Anthony V Naidoo are apart of the department of Psychology for Stellenbosch University in South Africa. Fiona J Filander and Basil May, who are apart of the Railton Foundation of South Africa, All came together to collaborate in community-based participatory research project that focused on the community development needs of Railton and to prioritizing the process of those needs. Railton community struggled with pass and present forms of oppression and inequities that†¦show more content†¦(2) What is the priority needs relating to community action in Railton? (3) What are the priority strategic areas for community action in Railton? During the earlier phases of the research process and additional research que stion emerged: (4) what are the important historical events and data that need to be taken into account in understanding the Railton context? This study also involved elven phases, along with the main activities. Phase one was preparation, which focused on the ethics process, research team training, marketing and initial interviews. The second phase was the contextual analysis, which was the document analysis, school essays, and elder’s workshop. Third part of the phase was key informant interviews that where the workshop interviews with twenty-nine key stakeholders. Phase four was community asset-mapping workshops for the youth, elders, adult and service providers. Fifth phase consisted of survey questionnaire from two hindered youth and adult households with in the right zones of Railton. The Sixth Phase was the Photo-story-telling, which focused on getting photo-documentary on historical site or events and community assets. Seventh Phase was GIS mapping assets of the GPS l ocations of key sites and community assets. Eighth phase was the triangulation analysis, which was pulling it all together around the four research objectives. Phase nine was presenting the findings in

Marijuana Essay Example For Students

Marijuana Essay MARIJUANA: The Controversial Drug DESCRIPTION:Marijuana is a green, brown, or gray mixture of dried, shredded flowers and leaves of the hemp plant, Cannabis sativa. Marijuana is often called by street names such as pot, herb, weed, boom, Mary Jane, gangster, reefer, or chronic. There are more than 200 slang terms for marijuana. HISTORY:Cannabis was acknowledged as early as 2,700 BC in Chinese manuscripts. Marijuana has been used as a medicine throughout the world since the beginning of written history. During this time, companies such as Lilly, Parke Daivis, Tildens, Squibb, and other major drug manufacturers, have made everything from sleeping elixirs, to stomach medicine from marijuana. These drugs were even knowingly prescribed for children. Since 1839 there have been numerous reports in favor of utilizing medical marijuana. In 1839 Dr. W.B. OShaugnessy, a respected member of the Royal Academy of Science, was one of the first in the medical profession to present the true facts concerning marijuana and medicine. Dr. OShaugnessys report states clearly, that experience indicates the use of marijuana to be a beneficial analgesic, and to have anticonvulsant, and muscle-relaxant properties. He found it to be effective in treating rheumatism (inflammation or pain in muscles or joints), epilepsy, and spasmodic conditions. In 1860, Dr. R.R. MMeens, indicated to the Ohio State Medical Society, the usefulness of marijuana in treating tetanus, neuralgia (pain in the nerves), uterine hemorrhage, child labor, convulsions, asthma, bronchitis, and even postpartum psychosis. It was also noted for its affect as an appetite stimulant. This is desperately needed in modern medicine especially by cancer and aids patients to prevent them from literally wasting away. Many of these patients have indicated that no other remedy helps to stimulate the appetite as effectively as smoking a small quantity of marijuana. It was also noted that smoking the natural plant was significantly more effective than the chemically c reated, orally consumed, synthetic marijuana. In 1891 Dr. J.B. Mattison indicated the use of marijuana for treatment of migraines, gastric ulcers, deliriuma (mental disturbance), and tremors due to alcoholism. He also found it to be instrumental in actually replacing the craving for, and thus curing alcoholism. He found the same effect carried over in treating other serious addictions such as morphine or heroin addiction. In 1890 Dr. J.R. Reynolds found marijuana to be an excellent aid in combating a number of problems associated with aging. Dr. Reynolds noted marijuanas usefulness in overcoming senile insomnia as well as its psychological benefits in helping older people cope with some of the feelings and emotions associated with growing older. INCREASE DECREASE OF USAGE SINCE DRUGS DISCOVERY:The use of marijuana reached a high point in the late 1970s and early 1980s, and has been declining ever since. In a 1978 survey, 37 percent of high school seniors said they had smoked marijuana in the last 30 days, and 11 percent said they used it daily. By 1986 the number who said they had smoked it in the last 30 days had fallen to 23 percent lower than in 1975 and the proportion of daily users had dropped steadily to 4 percent. The trend among people aged 18 to 25 is similar. On the other hand, more people over 25 may be using marijuana occasionally, and young people are still experimenting with it. In 1969, 20 percent of high school seniors had used marijuana at least once, in 1979, 60 percent had; and in 1985, 54 percent. The attitudes expressed in surveys show why habitual marijuana use is in decline. In 1978, 65 percent of high school students said they disapproved of it; in 1985, 85 percent disapproved. A recent government survey shows: ?Over 70 million Americans over the age of 12 have tried marijuana at least once. ?About 10 million had used the drug in the month before the survey. ?More than 5 million Americans smoke marijuana at least once a week. ?Among teens aged 12 to 17, the average age of first trying marijuana was 13.5 years old. A yearly survey of students in grades 8 through 12 shows that by 10th grade, nearly 16 percent are current users (that is, used within the past month). Among 12th-graders, nearly 40 percent have tried marijuana/hash at least once, and 19 percent were current users. Other researchers have found that use of marijuana and other drugs usually peaks in the late teens and early twenties, then goes down in later years. GENERIC VS. BRAND NAME:There are stronger forms of marijuana available today than there were in the 1960s. The strength of the drug is measured by the amount of average THC in test samples confiscated by law enforcement agencies. Sinsemilla (sin-seh-me-yah; its a Spanish word), hashish (hash for short), and hash oil are stronger forms of marijuana. ?Most ordinary marijuana has an average of 3 percent THC. ?Sinsemilla (made from just the buds and flowering tops of female plants) has an average of 7.5 percent THC, with a range as high as 24 percent. ?Hashish (the sticky resin from the female plant flowers) has an average of 3.6 percent, with a range as high as 28 percent. ?Hash oil, a tar-like liquid distilled from hashish, has an average of 16 percent, with a range as high as 43 percent. ACTION:THC disrupts the nerve cells in the part of the brain where memories are formed. This makes it hard for the user to recall recent events (such as what happened a few minutes ago), and so it is hard to learn while high. A working short-term memory is required for learning and performing tasks that ca ll for more than one or two steps. Some studies show that when people have smoked large amounts of marijuana for many years, the drug takes its toll on mental functions. Among a group of long-time heavy marijuana users in Costa Rica, researchers found that the people had great trouble when asked to recall a short list of words (a standard test of memory). People in that study group also found it very hard to focus their attention on the tests given to them. It may be that marijuana kills some brain cells. In laboratory research, some scientists found that high doses of THC given to young rats caused a loss of brain cells such as that seen with aging. INDICATORS:One beneficial effect of THC is the lowering of intracular pressure, which can be helpful in the control of glaucoma. However, because it causes tachycardia, relatively rapid heart action such as physiological (as after exercise), and increased work for the heart, it can not be used in most elderly persons, in which age group glaucoma is most common. Causes Of Teenage Depression EssayHere is a claim that somebody firmly believes but is proved wrong. Critical skills related to attention, memory and learning are impaired amongheavy users of marijuana Most people think of marijuana users asdreamers with the attention spand of a gnat and no memory worth the name. Wrong. This picture emerging from psychology labs in that there is at most akernel of truth in this stereotype, while some studies find no evidence of evensubtle mental impairment in heavy users. And even those that do are open toa range of interpretationsnot necessarily worrying to marijuana users.

Kant`s Morality Essays - Social Philosophy, Deontological Ethics

Kant`s Morality Kant starts off making two distinctions regarding kinds of knowledge, empirical/rational and formal/material. Empirical or experience-based knowledge is contrasted with rational knowledge, which is independent of experience. This distinction between empirical and rational knowledge rests on a difference in sources of evidence used to support the two different kinds of knowledge. Formal is contrasted with material knowledge. Formal knowledge has no specific subject matter; it is about the general structure of thinking about any subject matter whatsoever. Material knowledge is of a specific subject matter, either nature or freedom. Rational knowledge is metaphysics, of which there are two branches, the metaphysics of nature and of morals. The metaphysics of nature is supposed to provide rational knowledge of the laws of nature. These are not empirical laws; they are more like universal principles of nature that any empirical physical would presuppose, such as that no event in nature occurs without a natural cause. The metaphysics of freedom is supposed to provide knowledge of the laws of freedom. These are the universal rules which free agents devise to govern them. Thus, Kant's grounding, his initial attempt at a critique of rational reason, is an investigation of the possibility of purely rational knowledge of morals. Take, for example, the Moral Rule: Thou shalt not lie. If the moral law is valid as the basis of moral obligation or duty, then it must be necessary. Kant using the word "necessity" means that the rule obligates or binds whatever the conditions or in all circumstances. It also means that the rule applies to all rational beings and not only to human beings. In this second sense we can say that the rule is universally binding. So in fact, moral rules are universal and necessary. If a moral rule is to be universal and necessary, the moral law must be derived from concepts of pure reason alone. Therefore, if a moral rule or law can only be derived from reason alone, there must be a pure moral philosophy whose task is to provide such a derivation. In the "Grounding", Kant sets himself the task of establishing the "supreme principle of morality" from which to make such a derivation. According to Kant good will and only a good will is intrinsically good. Kant distinguishes two different types of intrinsic or extrinsic goods. If a thing is only extrinsically good, then it is possible for that thing not to be good, or to be bad or evil. Intrinsic goodness is goodness in itself; if a thing is intrinsically good, its goodness is essential to it; and its goodness is not a function of factors other than itself. Kant holds that only a good will, not happiness, is intrinsically good. The idea that it is reason rather than natural impulse which guides action for the sake of happiness is false. Parts of a person perform their functions by surviving and this provides happiness for the person. Reason functions poorly in serving that purpose; instinct does better job. Natural instinct rather than reason provides better for happiness. Kant distinguishes between having a reason to act and acting for a reason. The motivating reason is the reason for which agent acts. A justifying reason is the reason that justifies, warrants, provides the criterion of rightness for the action. The agent's motivating reason might or might not provide a justifying reason for his action. Kant then defines three types of motivating reasons. One type of non-moral motivation is natural motivation. Action in accord with duty is motivated by immediate or direct inclination. Direct inclination includes such motives as love, sympathy, instinct for self-preservation, or the desire for happiness. The other type of non-moral motivation is prudence. An action in accord with duty, but motivated by prudence, is action motivated by the pursuit of self-interest or happiness. Since all human beings naturally desire happiness, prudential motivation is indirectly motivated by a natural motivation. Moral motivation is the third type of motivation. The action is not only in accord with duty, but motivated by duty, done from duty, or for sake of duty. The agent's motivating reason, the reason for which he acts, is that the action is what morality demands and he wants above all to do what reason demands.